Bagenal, F., and J.D. Sullivan (1981). Direct plasma measurements in
the Io torus and inner magnetosphere of Jupiter.
J.Geophys. Res. 86,
8447--8466.
Bevington, P.R. (1969). Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Broadfoot, A.L., B.R. Sandel, D.E. Shemansky, J.C. McConnell, G.R. Smith,
J.B. Holberg, S.K. Atreya, T.M. Donahue, D.F.
Strobel,and J.L. Bertaux
(1981). Overview of the Voyager ultraviolet spectrometry results through
Jupiter encounter.J.
Geophys. Res, 86,
8259--8284.
Brown, R.H. and D.L. Matson (1987). Thermal effects of insolation propogation
into the regoliths of airless
bodies. Submitted
to Icarus.
Brown, W.L., L.J. Lanzerotti, and R.E. Johnson (1982). Fast ion bombardment
of ices and its astrophysical
implications. Science
218, 525--531.
Brown, W.L., L.J. Lanzerotti, J.M. Poate, and W.M. Augustyniak (1978).
Sputtering of ice by MeV light ions. Phys. Rev.
Lett. 40, 1027--1030.
Bryson, C.E., V. Cazcarra, and L.L. Levenson (1974). Sublimation rates
and vapor pressures of H2O, CO2, N2O,
and Xe.
J. Chem. Eng. Dat. 19,
107--110.
Buratti, B. and J. Veverka (1983). Voyager photometry of Europa. Icarus 55, 93--110.
Carnahan, B., H.A. Luther, and J.O. Wilkes (1969). Applied Numerical Methods. Wiley, New York.
Christensen, P.R. (1986). The spatial distribution of rocks on Mars. Icarus 68, 217--238.
Clark, R.N. (1980). Ganymede, Europa, Callisto and Saturn's rings: compositional
analysis from reflectance
spectroscopy. Icarus
44, 388--409.
Clark, R.N. (1981). The spectral reflectance of water-mineral mixtures at low temperatures. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 3074--3086.
Clark, R.N., R.H. Brown, P.D. Owensby, and A. Steele (1984). Saturn's
satellites: Near-infrared
spectrophotometry
(0.65--2.5 microns) of the leading and trailing sides and compositional
implications.
Icarus 58,
265--281.
Clark, R.N., F.P. Fanale, and M.J. Gaffey (1986). Surface composition
of natural satellites. In Satellites, (J. Burns and
M. Shapley Matthews, Ed.),
pp. 437--491. Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Clark, R.N., F.P. Fanale, and A.P. Zent (1983), Frost grain size metamorphism:
Implications for remote sensing of
planetary surfaces. Icarus
56, 233--245.
Conel, J.E. (1969). Infrared emissivities of silicates: experimental
results and a cloudy atmosphere model of
spectral emission from condensed
particle mediums. J. Geophys. Res. 74, 1614--1634.
Cook, A.F., E.M. Shoemaker, L.A. Soderblom, K.F. Mullins, and R. Feidler
(1983). Volcanism in ice on Europa.
Reports of Planetary
Geology Program -1982, NASA Tech. Memo. 85127, 415--416.
Davis, M.E., and F.Y. Katayama (1981). Coordinates of features on the
Galilean satellites. J. Geophys. Res.
86, 8635--8657.
Durand, J.P., Y. Langevin, M. Maurette, G. Comstock, and A.L. Burlingame
(1975). The simulated depth history of
dust grains in the lunar
regolith Proc. 6th Lun. Sci. Conf., 2397--2415.
Fanale, F.P., W.B. Banerdt, L.S. Elson, T.V. Johnson, and R.W. Zurek
(1982). Io's surface: Its phase composition
and influence on Io's atmosphere
and Jupiter's magnetosphere.In Satellites of Jupiter (D. Morrison,
Ed.), pp
756--781. Univ. of Arizona
Press, Tucson.
Galilei, G. (1610). Sidereus Nuncius, Venice, Italy.
Gault, D.E., F. Horz, D.E. Brownlee, and J.B. Hartung (1974). Mixing
of the lunar regolith. Proc. 5th Lun. Sci.
Conf., 2365--2386.
Hanel, R., B. Conrath, M. Flasar, V. Kunde, P. Lowman, W. Maguire, J.
Pearl, J. Pirraglia, R. Samuelson, D.
Gautier, P. Gierasch, S.
Kumar, and C. Ponnamperuma (1979a). Infrared observations of the Jovian
system
from Voyager 1. Science,
204, 972--976.
Hanel, R., B. Conrath, M. Flasar, L. Herath, V. Kunde, P. Lowman, W.
Maguire, J. Pearl, J. Pirraglia, R. Samuelson,
D. Gautier, P. Gierasch,
L. Horn, S. Kumar, and C. Ponnamperuma (1979b). Infrared observations of
the Jovian
system from Voyager 2. Science
206,
952--956.
Hanel, R., D. Crosby, L. Herath, D. Vanous, D. Collins, H. Creswick,
C. Harris, and M. Rhodes (1980a).
Infrared spectrometer
for Voyager.
Applied Optics 19, 1391--1400.
Hanel, R.A., L.W. Herath, V.G. Kunde, and J.C. Pearl (1980b).
Voyager
Infrared Interferometer and
Spectrometer
(IRIS)---Documentation for Reduced Data Records (RDR) for Jupiter}.
NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center document X-693-821-8.
Hanel, R.A., B.J. Conrath, L.W. Herath, V.G. Kunde, and J.A. Pirraglia
(1981). Albedo, internal heat, and energy balance
of Jupiter: Preliminary
results of the Voyager infrared investigation.J. Geophys. Res
86, 8705--8712.
Hansen, O.L. (1972). Thermal Radiation from the Galilean Satellites
Measured at 10 and 20 Microns. PhD Thesis,
California Institute of
Technology.
Hansen, O.L. (1973). Ten-micron eclipse observations of Io, Europa, and Ganymede. Icarus 18, 237--246.
Hansen, O.L. (1977). An explication of the radiometric method for size and albedo determination. Icarus 31, 456--482.
Hapke B.W. (1984). Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy. 3. Correction for macroscopic roughness. Icarus 59, 41--59.
Helfenstein, P. (1986). Derivation and Analysis of Geological Constraints
on the Emplacement and Evolution of Terrains
on Ganymede from Applied
Differential Photometry. PhD Thesis, Brown University.
Hill, J.R. and D.A. Mendis (1981). Charged dust in the outer planetary
magnetospheres: III. Satellite impact
geometries. Moon and
Planets 25, 427--436.
Humes, D.H. (1980). Results of Pioneer 10 and 11 meteoroid experiments:
interplanetary and near-Saturn. J. Geophys.
Res. 85, 5841--5852.
Humes, D.H., J.M. Alvarez, R.L. O'Neal, and W.H. Kinard (1974). The
interplanetary and near-Jupiter
meteoroid environments.
J. Geophys. Res. 79, 3677--3684.
Hunten, D.M., Colin, L., and J.E. Hansen (1987). Atmospheric science on the Galileo mission. Space Sci. Rev., in press.
Irvine, W.M., and J.B. Pollack (1968). Infrared optical properties of water and ice spheres. Icarus 8, 324--360.
Johnson, R.E., L.J. Lanzerotti, and W.L. Brown (1984). Sputtering processes:
erosion and chemical change. Adv.
Space Res.
4, 41--51.
Johnson, T.V. and F.P. Fanale (1973). Optical properties of carbonaceous
chondrites and their relationship to asteroids.
J. Geophys. Res.
78,
8507--8518.
Johnson, T.V., L.A. Soderblom, J.A. Mosher, G.E. Danielson, A.F. Cook,
and P. Kupferman (1983). Global
multispectral mosaics of
the icy Galilean satellites. J. Geophys. Res.
88, 5789--5805.
Krimigis, S.M., J.F. Carbary, E.P. Keath, C.O. Bostrom, W.I. Axford,
G. Gloeckler, L.J. Lanzerotti, and T.P.
Armstrong (1981). Characteristics
of hot plasma in the Jovian magnetosphere: results from the Voyager spacecraft.
J. Geophys. Res 86,
8227--8257.
Kumar, S., and D.M. Hunten (1982). The atmospheres of Io and the other
satellites. In Satellites of Jupiter (D.
Morrison, Ed.), pp 782--806.
Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Lane, A.L., R.M. Nelson, and D.L. Matson (1981). Evidence for sulfur
implantation in Europa's UV absorption band.
Nature 292
Lebofsky, L.A. (1975). Stability of frosts in the solar system. Icarus 25, 205--217.
Lebofsky, L.A. (1977). Identification of water frost on Callisto. Nature 269, 785--787.
Lebofsky L.A. and M.A. Feierberg (1985). 2.7- to 4.1 microns spectrophotometry
of icy satellites of Saturn and
Jupiter. Icarus
63, 237--242.
Lebofsky L.A. M.A. Feierberg and A.T. Tokunaga (1982). Infrared observations
of the dark side of Iapetus. Icarus
49, 382--386.
Lebofsky L.A., M.V. Sykes, E.F. Tedesco, G.J. Veeder, D.L. Matson, R.H.
Brown, J.C. Gradie, M.A. Feierberg, and R.J.
Rudy (1986). A refined
`standard' thermal model for asteroids based on observations of 1 Ceres
and 2 Pallas.
Icarus 68,
239--251.
Logan, L.M., G.R. Hunt, and J.W. Salisbury (1975). The use of mid-infrared
spectroscopy in remote sensing of space
targets. In Infrared
and Raman Spectroscopy of Lunar and Terrestrial Minerals} (C. Karr,
Ed.) pp. 117--142.
Academic Press, New York.
McFadden, L.A., J.F. Bell, and T.B. McCord (1980). Visible spectral
reflectance measurements (0.33--1.1\mic) of
the Galilean satellites
at many orbital phase angles. Icarus 44, 410--430.
McNutt, R.L., J.W. Belcher, and H.S. Bridge (1981). Positive ion observations
in the middle magnetosphere of Jupiter.
J. Geophys. Res.
86, 8319--8342.
Morrison D. (1977). Radiometry of satellites and the rings of Saturn.
In Planetary Satellites, (J. Burns, Ed.), pp 269--301.
Univ. of Arizona Press,
Tucson.
Morrison, D., Ed. (1982). Satellites of Jupiter, Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Morrison, D., and D.P. Cruikshank (1973). Thermal properties of the
Galilean satellites. Icarus 18, 224--236. Morrison, D.
and N.D.
Morrison (1977). Galilean satellite photometry. In Planetary Satellites
(J.A. Burns, Ed.), pp 363--378. Univ. of Arizona
Press, Tucson.
Murcray, F.H., D.G. Murcray, and W.J. Williams (1970). Infrared emissivity
of lunar surface features. 1. Balloon-borne
observations. J. Geophys.
Res. 75, 2662--2669.
Murdock, T.L. (1974). Mercury's infrared phase effect. Astron. J. 79, 1457--1464.
Nakamura, Y, J. Dorman, F. Duennebier, D. Lammlein, and G. Latham (1975).
Shallow lunar structure determined from
the passive seismic experiment.
The
Moon 13, 57--66.
Ostro, S.J. (1982). Radar properties of Europa, Ganymdede, and Callisto.
In Satellites of Jupiter (D. Morrison, Ed.), pp
213--236. Univ. of
Arizona Press, Tucson.
Paige, D.A. (1985). Non-linear frost albedo feedback on Mars: observations
and models. (abstract) MECA Workshop on the
Evolution of the
Martian Atmosphere, 18.
Pearl, J.C. (1984). Spatial variations in the surface composition of
Io based on Voyager infrared data. (abstract) Bull. Am.
Astron. Soc.
16, 654.
Pearl, J.C. and W.M. Sinton (1982). Hot spots of Io. In Satellites
of Jupiter (D. Morrison, Ed.) pp 724--755. Univ. of Arizona
Press, Tucson.
Pilcher, C.B., S.T. Ridgeway, and T.B. McCord (1972). Galilean satellites:
Identification of water frost. Science 178,
1087--1089.
Pollack, J.B., F.C. Witteborn, E.F. Erickson, D.W. Strecker, B.J. Baldwin,
and R.T. Reynolds (1978). Near-infrared spectra
of the Galilean satellites:
observations and compositional implications.
Icarus 36, 271--303.
Poupeau, G., R.M. Walker, E. Zinner, and D.A. Morrison (1975). Surface
exposure history of individual crystals in the lunar
regolith. Proc. 6th Lun.
Sci. Conf., 3433--3448.
Price, M.J. and J.S. Hall (1971). The physical properties of the Jovian
atmosphere inferred from eclipses of the Galilean
satellites. 1. Preliminary
results. Icarus 14, 3--12.
Purves, N.G., and C.B. Pilcher (1980). Thermal migration of water on the Galilean satellites. Icarus 43, 51--55.
Saari J.M., and R.W. Shorthill (1972). The sunlit lunar surface I. Albedo
studies and full Moon temperature distribution.
The Moon
5,
161--178.
Saari J.M., R.W. Shorthill, and D.F. Winter (1972). The sunlit lunar
surface II. A study of far infrared brightness
temperatures. The
Moon 5, 179--199.
Seiveka, E.M., and R.E. Johnson (1982). Thermal- and plasma-induced
molecular redistribution on the icy satellites. Icarus
51, 528--548.
Shaya, E.J., and C.B. Pilcher (1984). Polar cap formation on Ganymede. Icarus 58, 74--80.
Shoemaker, E.M., B.K. Luccitta, D.E. Wilhelms, J.B. Plescia, and S.W.
Squyres (1982). The geology of Ganymede. In
Satellites of Jupiter
(D. Morrison, Ed.), pp 435--520. Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Sill, G.T. (1976). Chemical Reactions at the Surface and Atmosphere of Venus. PhD thesis, University of Arizona.
Sill, G.T. and R.N. Clark (1982). Composition of the surfaces of the
Galilean satellites. In Satellites of Jupiter (D. Morrison,
Ed.), pp 174--212. Univ.
of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Sinton, W.M. and C. Kaminski (1987). Infrared observations of eclipses
of Io, its thermophysical parameters, and the
thermal radiation of the
Loki volcano and environs. Submitted to J. Geophys. Res.
Smoluchowski, R. and A. McWilliam (1984). Structure of ices on satellites. Icarus 58, 282--287.
Spencer, J.R. (1982). Voyager Ganymede stellar occultation and surface
ice temperatures (abstract). Reports of the Planetary
Geology Program - 1982,
NASA Tech. Memo. 85127, 32--34.
Spencer, J.R. (1987a). Thermal segregation of water ice on the Galilean satellites. Icarus 69, 297--313.
Spencer, J.R. (1987b). Icy Galilean satellite reflectance spectroscopy: Less ice on Ganymede and Callisto. Icarus, in press.
Spencer, J.R., and P.R. Maloney (1984). Mobility of water ice on Callisto:
evidence and implications. Geophys. Res. Lett. 11,
1223--1226.
Squyres, S.W. (1980). Surface temperatures and retention of H2O frost on Ganymede and Callisto. Icarus 44, 502--510.
Squyres, S.W. and J. Veverka (1981). Voyager photometry of surface features
on Ganymede and Callisto. Icarus 46,
137--155.
Squyres, S.W. and J. Veverka (1982). Variation of albedo with solar
incidence angle on planetary surfaces. Icarus 50,
115--122.
St"offler, D., D.E. Gault, J. Wedekind, and G. Polkowski (1975). Experimental
hypervelocity impact into quartz sand:
Distribution and shock metamorphism
of ejecta. J. Geophys. Res. 80, 4062--4077.
Stone, E.C. and A.L. Lane (1979a). Voyager 1 encounter with the Jovian system. Science 204, 945--948.
Stone, E.C. and A.L. Lane (1979b). Voyager 2 encounter with the Jovian system. Science 206, 925--927.
Veverka, J. (1977a). Photometry of satellite surfaces. In Planetary
Satellites, (J. Burns, Ed.), pp. 171--209. Univ. of Arizona
Press, Tucson.
Veverka, J. (1977b). Polarimetry of satellite surfaces. In Planetary
Satellites, (J. Burns, Ed.), pp. 210--231. Univ. of Arizona
Press, Tucson.
Veverka, J. , P. Thomas, T.V. Johnson, D. Matson, and K. Housen (1986).
The physical characteristics of satellite surfaces.
In Satellites,
(J. Burns and M. Shapley Matthews, Ed.), pp. 342--402.
Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson.
Warren, S.G. (1984). Optical Constants of ice from the ultraviolet to the microwave. Applied Optics 23, 1206--1225.
Winter, D.F. and J.A. Krupp (1971). Directional characteristics of infrared emission from the Moon. The Moon 2, 279--292.
Wolff R.S. and D.A. Mendis (1983). On the nature of the interaction
of the Jovian magnetosphere with the icy Galilean
satellites. J.
Geophys. Res. 88, 4749--4769.
Yung, Y.L., and McElroy, M.B. (1977). Stability of an oxygen atmosphere on Ganymede. Icarus 30, 97--103.
Zook, H.A., S.-Y. Su, and D.H. Humes (1985). On dust particles in the Jovian system. Lun. Plan. Sci. 16, 946--947.